مطالعه آزمایشگاهی تأثیرات تهویه اجباری و طبیعی بر رفتار حریق چوب با بار سوختی محدود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

سید احمد کبریایی ¹

محمد مقیمان ¹

حمید نیازمند ¹

سیده محدثه میری ²

¹ گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

² گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

10.22067/jacsm.2025.90429.1292

چکیده

تهویه فشار مثبت برای بهبود تخلیه دود و کاهش دما در اطفای حریق استفاده می‌شود، اما کارایی آن وابسته به شرایط تهویه فضا است. این مطالعه آزمایشگاهی تأثیر تهویه طبیعی و اجباری (دمنده با دبی 18500 مترمکعب بر ساعت) را در یک محفظه با سوخت 10 کیلوگرم پالت چوبی و ترکیب‌های مختلف بازشوها بررسی کرد. نتایج نشان داد که به دلیل محدودیت سوخت، مرحله فلش‌اور رخ نداد. در شرایط تهویه اجباری با دو بازشو، دمای بیشینه بالای کانون حریق 9% کاهش (از 280 به 255 درجه سانتی‌گراد) یافت. اما در حالت یک بازشو، تهویه اجباری منجر به افزایش 30% این دما (از 9/141 به 6/185 درجه سانتی‌گراد) نسبت به تهویه طبیعی شد. همچنین، زمان وقوع دمای بیشینه در دو بازشو ۴۸ ثانیه تأخیر و در یک بازشو ۶۱ ثانیه تسریع شد. این یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که استفاده از تهویه فشار مثبت در فضاهای با تنها یک بازشو دما را افزایش می‌دهد، بنابراین بهینه است که فقط در فضاهایی با حداقل دو بازشو به کار رود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رفتار حریق چوب

تهویه اجباری

تهویه طبیعی

دمای بیشینه

موضوعات

• احتراق

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عنوان مقاله English

Experimental Study of the Effects of Forced and Natural Ventilation on Wood Fire Behavior with Limited Fuel Load

نویسندگان English

seyed ahmad kebriyaee ¹

Mohammad Moghiman ¹

Hamid Niazmand ¹

Seyedeh Mohadeseh Miri ²

¹ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

² Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

چکیده English

Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) is used to improve smoke extraction and reduce temperatures in fire suppression, but its effectiveness depends on the space's ventilation conditions. This laboratory study examined the impact of natural and forced ventilation (using a blower with a flow rate of 18,500 m³/h) in a compartment with a 10 kg wooden pallet fire and varying opening configurations. Results showed that no flashover occurred due to fuel limitations. Under forced ventilation with two openings, the maximum temperature above the fire source decreased by 9% (from 280°C to 255°C). However, with a single opening, forced ventilation increased this temperature by 30% (from 141.9°C to 185.6°C) compared to natural ventilation. Additionally, the time to peak temperature was delayed by 48 seconds in the two-opening scenario but accelerated by 61 seconds in the single-opening case. These findings indicate that PPV raises temperatures in spaces with only one opening, making it optimal for use only in compartments with at least two openings.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

wood fire behavior

forced ventilation

natural ventilation

maximum temperature

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