بررسی تاثیر مواد تغییر فاز دهنده بر مصرف انرژی در ساختمان‌های امدادی پیش‌ساخته سبک‌وزن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• علی امیری ¹
• امیر یاری‌نژاد ²

¹ گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران .

² گروه مهندسی معماری، دانشکده فنی مهندسی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

10.22067/jacsm.2022.78503.1136

چکیده

در این پژوهش نقش مواد تغییر فاز دهنده در کاهش مصرف انرژی در ساختمان‌های پیش‌ساخته سبک‌وزن مطالعه شده است. به این منظور، یک ساختمان نمونه در شهر کرمانشاه انتخاب و در محیط نرم‌افزار دیزاین‌بیلدر شبیه‌سازی شد. سرمایش و گرمایش ساختمان توسط یک دستگاه کولر اسپلیت تامین می‌شود. ماده تغییر فاز دهنده InfiniteRPCM21C به صورت یک لایه همگن روی دیواره نصب شده است. محل اجرا شامل هر یک از دیوار‌ها، سقف، چهار دیوار هم‌زمان و کل پوسته ساختمان است. دیوار جنوبی با کاهش 14/12 درصدی انرژی مصرفی، بهترین گزینه در بین دیوارها است. از دیدگاه اقتصادی نیز این دیوار با صرفه‌جویی 08/2 کیلووات ساعت انرژی به ازای هر کیلوگرم ماده تغییر فاز دهنده، بهترین عملکرد را دارد. اجرا روی کل پوسته ساختمان، صرفه‌جویی را تا 2/37 درصد افزایش می‌دهد. هرچند که این حالت به لحاظ اقتصادی توجیه ندارد، اما از دیدگاه تامین آسایش در چهار ماه از سال نیاز به انرژی را تقریبا به صفر می‌رساند. با بررسی ماده تغییر فاز دهنده در لایه‌های مختلف دیواره، مشخص شد در تمامی جهات، اجرا روی سطح داخلی دیواره منجر به بیشترین صرفه‌جویی می‌شود. هم‌چنین بررسی ضخامت‌ ماده تغییر فاز دهنده در بازه 5 تا 25 میلی‌متر نشان داد هرچه ضخامت کمتر باشد، صرفه‌جویی در واحد جرم ماده بیشتر می‌شود. افزایش ضخامت به بیش از 20 میلی‌متر تاثیر قابل توجهی در صرفه‌جویی انرژی ندارد. در نهایت اثر نقطه ذوب در بازه 18 تا 29 درجه سلسیوس بررسی و معلوم شد در نقطه ذوب 21 درجه سلسیوس بیشترین صرفه‌جویی به دست می‌آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• مواد تغییر فاز دهنده
• مصرف انرژی
• آسایش حرارتی
• ساختمان پیش‌ساخته
• سبک‌وزن
• دیزاین‌بیلدر

موضوعات

• انرژی های تجدید پذیر

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effect of Phase Change Materials on Energy Consumption in Lightweight Prefabricated Relief Buildings

نویسندگان [English]

• ALI Amiri ¹
• Amir Yarinezhad ²

¹ Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

² Architectural Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In this research, the role of Phase Change Materials (PCM) in energy saving in lightweight prefabricated buildings is studied. For this purpose, a typical building in Kermanshah, Iran is simulated in DesignBuilder software. A split unit is used as air conditioning system. The annual energy consumption of the building in the reference state is 2577.27 kWh. The implementation of the InfiniteRPCM21C was investigated in all directions including each individual wall, ceiling, four walls simultaneously and the entire building envelope. The southern wall is the best option among the walls with 12.14% energy saving. From an economic point of view, this wall has the best performance as well by saving 2.08 kWh/kgPCM. Implementation on the entire envelope increases savings up to 37.2%. Although this is not an economical case, but it reduces the need for energy to almost zero in four months of the year. By examining the PCM in different layers of the wall, it was found that in all directions, the inner surface of the wall leads to the greatest energy savings. Also, taking account the PCM thickness in the range of 5 to 25 mm showed that the smaller the thickness, the greater the savings per unit mass of the PCM. Therefore, thicknesses more than 20 mm are not recommended. Finally, the effect of the PCM melting point in the range of 18 to 29 degrees Celsius was investigated and it was found that the maximum energy saving is obtained at the melting point of 21 degrees Celsius.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Phase change materials
• PCM
• Energy saving
• Thermal comfort
• Prefabricated building
• DesignBuilder

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