شبیه‌سازی عددی فرآیند سوراخ‌کاری استخوان جمجمه‌ توسط جت آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشکدۀ فنی مهندسی، گروه مهندسی مکانیک.

2 دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشکدۀ فنی مهندسی، گروه مهندسی پزشکی.

چکیده

در این مقاله، مسئلۀ سوراخ‌کاری سطح استخوان جمجمۀ انسان به‌شکل نیم‌کره بااستفاده از جت آب به‌صورت عددی شبیه‌سازی سه‌بعدی شده‌است. شبیه‌سازی شامل هر دو بخش جریان و انتقال حرارت جت آب برخوردی و فرایند تراشه‌برداری سطح می‌شود. برای مدل‌سازی جریان دو فازی جت، از روش حجم سیال و برای سوراخ‌کاری سطح استخوان، از معادلات جانسون- کوک در روش اجزای محدود استفاده ‌شده‌است. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان می‌دهد که ضرایب فشار و اصطکاک  روی سطح برخورد، بستگی به فاصلۀ نازل از سطح دارند و فشار با کمتر شدن فاصلۀ نازل از سطح در نقطۀ سکون افزایش می‌یابد. هم‌چنین با افزایش فاصلۀ نازل از سطح، عدد ناسلت محلی در امتداد شعاع نیم‌کره و ماکزیمم ناسلت در نقطۀ سکون هر دو کاهش می‌یابند. اثر قطر نازل بر ضرایب فشار و اصطکاک نیز بررسی شد و دیده شد که فشار با افزایش قطر نازل در نقطۀ سکون افزایش خواهد یافت. تغییر سرعت جت نیز نشان داد که تغییر 20 درصدی این سرعت، اثر قابل توجهی بر ضرایب فشار و اصطکاک ندارد، ولی عدد ناسلت را افزایش می‌دهد. در مدل‌سازی فرایند سوراخ‌کاری سطح استخوان، از خواص و ضرایب واقعی جنس استخوان ازجمله ضریب پوآسن و مدول یانگ استفاده ‌شد. مقایسۀ توزیع تنش ایجادشده در محل با دو معیار ترسکا و فون مایزز نشان می‌دهد که براساس پارامترهای پیشنهادی، سوراخ‌کاری به‌طرز مطلوبی انجام می‌پذیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Numerical Simulation of Cranial Bone Perforation Process Using Water Jet

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahed-Al-Sadat Alavi 1
  • Masoud Ziaei-Rad 1
  • Nima Jamshidi 2
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this paper, the problem of perforation of the human cranial bone surface in the shape of a hemisphere using a water jet is numerically simulated in three dimensions. The simulation involves both the flow and heat transfer of the impinging water jet, and surface perforation process. The volume of fluid method was used to model the jet two-phase flow, and Johnson-Cook equation in finite element method was applied for perforating the bone surface. The obtained results show that the pressure and friction coefficients on the surface depend on the nozzle distance from the surface, and the pressure at the stagnation point increases as the nozzle distance decreases. Also, by increasing the nozzle distance, local Nusselt number along the hemisphere radius as well as maximum Nusselt decreases at the stagnation point. The effect of nozzle diameter on pressure and friction coefficients was also investigated and found that the pressure at stagnation point is increased by the nozzle diameter. The change in the jet velocity also showed that a 20% change in velocity has no significant effect on the pressure and friction coefficients, while increases the Nusselt number. In modeling the perforation process, actual properties and coefficients of bone material, such as Poisson's coefficient and Young's modulus were used. Comparison of on-site stress distribution based on Tresca and von Mises criteria showed that according to the proposed parameters, the perforation is performed properly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • water jet
  • cranial bone perforation
  • numerical simulation
  • Finite-volume method
  • Finite-element method
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